Research Abstracts

Despite the tremendous improvements in conventional desalination technologies, its wide use is still limited due primarily to high energy requirements which are currently met with expensive fossil fuels. The use of alternative energy sources is essential to meet the growing demand for water desalina

Access to clean water resource continues to be the most urgent and pressing global issue where hiking economic and ecological needs have urged for more water-efficient technologies. Membrane-based separations for desalination are playing an increasingly important role to provide adequate water resour

The energy, water and environment nexus is a crucial factor when considering the future development of desalination plants or industry in the water-stressed economies. New generation of desalination processes or plants has to meet the stringent environment discharge requirements and yet the industry

Multi-effects evaporation with thermal vapor compression (MEE-TVC) is one of the most effective desalination method in which the TVC plays a main role with consideration of energy consumption. In this paper, the steady- state mathematical model of MEE-TVC based on LINGO algor ithm is developed and i

The estimation of the damaged part size could be conducted by using a relationship between the value of pressure decay rate and the size of the damaged part, since pressure decay rate performs as a good indicator for the molar flow of air leakage or diffusion airflow. This study presents the developme

The current study highlights the advancement in Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) process and covers most recent development in the process applications. The first application of PRO process goes back to 1973 by Sidney Loeb who suggested using the concept of osmotic energy for power generation. In prin

• Very thin poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes supported on polysulfone hollow fiber • A controlled coating method for top membrane layer of uniform thickness • Composite hollow fiber membranes having top-layer-thickness of 0.1–1 μm • Best membrane performance so far in pervaporation desalination of saline

Salinity power generation using membrane modules was examined by the Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) system between pure water and concentrated brine in the Mega-ton Water System Project under the Japanese national project of “Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technolog

The present work is aimed at development of a new approach to reduce RO concentrate flow and to increase recovery. To increase recovery values, a new process is developed that use continuous crystallization of calcium carbonate at a constant supersaturation level provided by a constant raise of reten

• Shell-side TFC hollow fiber for FO was fabricated. • Polyacrylonitrile was used as the support polymer material. • Different pore structures of fibers were considered by altering the fabrication technique. • Our best membrane exhibited a structural parameter of ~300 μm. In this work, we investigated