Desalination

An electrodeionization post-reverse osmosis (RO/EDI) system was developed for the continuous production of high-purity water without the use of chemicals. The study was carried out with a laboratory pilot. The ion-exchange membrane stack has eight cell-pairs of which four dilute compartments were fi

Laboratory tests with simulated waters in the range of those in a prospective desalination plant were carried out to determine the water quality effects on silica precipitation both in batch and dynamic tests using RO membranes. In this study the effect of cations on silica polymerization was invest

The electrodialysis process of solutions containing a salt mixture (Na2SO4 and ZnSO4, with concentrations of 0.05 N each) has been studied. The electric current density ranged from 5 to 25 mA/cm2. The solution was fed at a rate of 0.01 cm/s. The electromigration flux of zinc is approximately twice l

Different flow sheets for thermal desalination processes were simulated using the computer program Evapolund. This general software is modular in structure and includes a number of modules describing different components in an evaporation process such as evaporators, different types of heat exchange

Transmembrane evaporation (often called membrane distillation) carried out in a countercurrent flow module, in which incoming cold seawater is heated by the condensing product water flow, is a promising technology for low-cost seawater desalination. This paper presents a model for preliminary design

Bovine blood is a potentially important source of raw material for the alimentary industry and many pharmacochemical industrial products. Different fractions obtained with the application of membrane separative techniques were studied, orientating our work to obtain bovine seroalbumin (BSA). Pretrea

Cogeneration applied to very high efficiency thermal seawater desalination plants should reduce the cost of desalinated water to a level more than competitive compared to the reverse osmosis technique for potable water. This is even more the case for process distillate water. In this article we pres

In this study, heat transfer of air-water-vapour mixtures in a desalination plant, using the aero-evapocondensation process is studied experimentally. The present process consists in a falling film evaporator and a condenser. The prototype is designed to work at low temperatures (60°C–90°C) using a

Among the desalination technologies available, reverse osmosis is currently considered as the most economical process. However, while RO membranes have been continuously improved over the years, they have had one major shortcoming; the susceptibility to fouling. Indeed, it appears that RO technology

The water resources of Kuwait are limited to desalinated water to meet the requirements for all freshwater needs, unreplenishable brackish water as a supplementary source for blending and agriculture, and municipal wastewater which is treated and mainly discarded to the sea. Limited quantities of th